It is measured on a scale from zero to one. It represents a statistical measure of the data spread around the mean caloric intake. The CV measures the inequality of caloric intake across a given population. Here we show a global map of this CV value for developing countries. In order to assess food security indicators, this has been measured on annual basis for developing countries since 1990. To measure the range of caloric intakes in a given population, the FAO define a parameter called the ‘Coefficient of variation of habitual caloric consumption distribution’. Whilst there are notable (although narrowing) differences in caloric supply between countries across the world, the variation in supply within countries can, in some cases, be equally significant. Similarly, countries with a population which generally maintains higher activity levels (for example, with large energy expenditures in laboring or agricultural work) may see an increase in MDER levels. Accordingly, minimum dietary energy requirements, the amount of energy needed for light activity and minimum acceptable weight for attained-height, vary by country, and from year to year depending on the gender and age structure of the population.Ĭountries with a very young population may have a lower MDER value on average since the energy requirements of children are typically lower than that of adults. Why do MDER values vary across the world? Dietary energy requirements differ by gender and age, and for different levels of physical activity. In our explainer on hunger measurement, we detail how these metrics are used to estimate levels of undernourishment across a population. In the map, it is presented as the average MDER for a country’s population which is calculated based on its demographic weighting. This metric is used to define the prevalence of undernourishment in a population an individual whose caloric intake falls below their specific MDER for an extended period is defined as ‘undernourished’. The MDER of an individual is defined as the cut-off threshold caloric intake an individual would have to consume to attain a minimum acceptable weight for height. In this visualization we have mapped one key variables related to energy requirements through time: the minimum dietary energy requirement (MDER). Whilst the measure of average caloric supply is a crucial indicator in terms of food security, if we want to relate this to the prevalence of hunger and malnutrition, we must relate it to actual dietary energy needs. In terms of food supply, we live in a more equal world today than in the previous century. The steeper rise across poorer regions of the world means that over the last few decades, global trends in caloric supply have been converging. We have seen a significant rise in caloric supply across Asia and Africa in recent decades. However, these trends vary across the world’s regions. Overall, we see that per capita calorie supply has been increasing consistently at a global level over this period. that wasted at retail, restaurant and household levels), and therefore represents food available for consumption at the retail level, rather than actual food intake. Note that supply figures do not include consumption-level waste (i.e. In this chart we see the average daily supply of calories (measured in kilocalories per person per day) by world region. This data is annually available and is updated by the FAO, extending back until 1961. The most widely used and comprehensive data on food supply and consumption is published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
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